TOWN AND COUNTRY PLANNING: SUBSIDIARY LEGISLATION
INDEX TO SUBSIDIARY LEGISLATION
Town and Country Planning (Declaration of Planning Areas) Order
Town and Country Planning (General Development) Order
Town and Country Planning (Minimum Size for Subdivision of Land) Order
Town and Country Planning (Transfer of Function) Order
Town and Country Planning (Transfer of Planning Functions) Order
(section 4)
(24th February, 1978)
ARRANGEMENT OF PARAGRAPHS
PARAGRAPH
1. Citation
2. Preparation of Town Planning Scheme
Schedule
S.I. 16, 1978,
S.I. 17, 1978,
S.I. 18, 1978,
S.I. 19, 1978.
This Order may be cited as the Town Planning Scheme Order.
2. Preparation of Town Planning Scheme
Each city or town council specified in the Schedule to this Order shall prepare a city or town planning scheme with reference to all land situate within the area of such city or township as defined under the provisions of the Townships Act, and shall submit the scheme to the Board.
SCHEDULE
Francistown
Gaborone
Lobatse
Selebi-Phikwe
TOWN AND COUNTRY PLANNING (DECLARATION OF PLANNING AREAS) ORDER
(section 4)
(1st August, 1980)
ARRANGEMENT OF PARAGRAPHS
PARAGRAPH
1. Citation
2. Declaration of planning areas
3. Applicant for planning permission entitled to copy of relevant map on payment of current fee
SCHEDULE
S.I. 97, 1980,
S.I. 143, 1984,
S.I. 121, 1993,
S.I. 59, 1994,
S.I. 27, 1995,
S.I. 101, 2010,
S.I. 123, 2010,
S.I. 96, 2013,
S.I. 28, 2016,
S.I. 29, 2016,
S.I. 71, 2016,
S.I. 6, 2018,
S.I. 161, 2019,
S.I. 115, 2020,
S.I. 116, 2020,
S.I. 10, 2022,
S.I. 50, 2022,
S.I. 51, 2022,
S.I. 165, 2022,
S.I. 35, 2023,
S.I. 36, 2023,
S.I. 83, 2023,
S.I. 110, 2023.
This Order may be cited as the Town and Country Planning (Declaration of Planning Areas) Order.
2. Declaration of planning areas
Each of the areas of land in Botswana specified in the first column of the Schedule is hereby declared to be a planning area and shall, for the purposes of the Act, be known by the name specified in the corresponding entry in the second column of the Schedule.
3. Applicant for planning permission entitled to copy of relevant map on payment of current fee
(1) The Director of Town and Regional Planning shall, on written application being made to him for that purpose and on payment of the current fee, provide every prospective applicant for permission for any development in a planning area with a copy of the relevant map specified in the Schedule on which the boundaries of the planning area are delineated.
(2) The Minister shall, from time to time, fix the fee to be paid for the provision of a copy of the relevant map under this paragraph.
SCHEDULE
PLANNING AREAS
(Para. 2)
|
Area Declared to be Planning Area |
Name of Planning Area |
1 |
Francistown Township (as declared by the Declaration of Townships Order), the boundaries of which are delineated on map DTRP 4.40-104 deposited with the Director of Town and Regional Planning, Gaborone, together with the area which runs from Point "A" on the Shashe River and along the river approximately North West along the Western boundary of the Water Utilities Corporation's lease area (around Shashe Dam), North along the Shashe River to a Point "B"; from Point "B", the boundary runs east along the Northern boundaries of farms 111-OQ, 112-OQ, 113-OQ, 102-OQ and 115-OQ to a Point "C" across the Francistown - Ramakgwebana rail line and road; from Point "C" the boundary runs South East of the Francistown - Ramakgwebana rail line and road to a Point "D"; from Point "D" the boundary goes East to a point where it meets the Ramakgwebana River at Point "E"; from point "E" it follows the international boundary (Botswana/ Zimbabwe) along the same River to a Point "F"; from Point "F" it runs South-West along the boundary of farm 31-NQ to a Point "G"; from Point "G" it runs south and along the Eastern boundary of farm 40-NQ to a Point "H"; then along the South-Western boundary of farm 40-NQ to a Point "I"; from Point "I" the boundary follows along the Sekukwe River and the eastern boundaries of Farms 62-NQ and 63-NQ to a Point "J"; then West along the Southern boundaries of Farms 63-NQ and 64-NQ to a Point "K" in the Tati River and along the same to a Point "L", it runs along the North-West boundaries of Farms 1/77-NQ to a Point "A". The boundaries of the area are delineated on map TRP 4.40-262 deposited with the Director of Town and Regional Planning, Gaborone. |
Francistown Planning Area |
2 |
Gaborone City (as declared under the Townships Act) together with the freehold farms Forest Hill 9-KO (Kgale Hill), Bonnington 7-KO Broadhurst B4-KO, Content 1-KO, Sowenflat 2-KO and Glen Valley 3-KO, the boundaries of which aggregate area are delineated on map DTRP 4.10-183 deposited with the Director of Town and Regional Planning, Gaborone. |
Gaborone Planning Area |
|
Sir Seretse Khama International Airport, the freehold farms Traquair 10-KO, Atholl Home 11-KO. Werribee 12-KO, Kentholme 13-KO, Notwane 14-KO, Crocodile Pools 15-KO, and tribal territories Rem 9-KO South of Forest Hill 9-KO, Tlokweng Village and Mogoditshane Village together with their immediate hinterland. The boundaries of the area are delineated on Map No. DTRP 410-395B deposited with the Director of Town and Regional Planning, Gaborone. |
|
3 |
Ghanzi Township (as declared by the Declaration of Townships Order), the boundaries of which are delineated on map DTRP 5.10-5 deposited with the Director of Town and Regional Planning, Gaborone. |
Ghanzi Planning Area |
4 |
Jwaneng Township (as declared by the Declaration of Jwaneng Township Notice, 1979) together with an area contiguous thereto, the boundaries of which aggregate area are delineated on map DTRP 4.150-38 deposited with the Director of Town and Regional Planning, Gaborone. |
Jwaneng Planning Area |
5 |
Kasane Township (as declared by the Declaration of Townships Order) together with an area (outside the Kasane Forest Reserve) contiguous thereto, the boundaries of which aggregate area are delineated on map DTRP 5.11-12 deposited with the Director of Town and Regional Planning, Gaborone. |
Kasane-Kazungula Planning Area |
6 |
Lobatse Township (as declared by the Declaration of Townships Order) together with the freehold farm Woodhall 11-JO and so much of the freehold farm Readfontein 19-JO as lies east of the main road from Lobatse to Zeerust in the Republic of South Africa, the boundaries of which aggregate area are delineated on map DTRP 4.70-37 deposited with the Director of Town and Regional Planning, Gaborone. |
Lobatse Planning Area |
7 |
The area at Selebi-Phikwe subject to the mining lease granted to BCL Limited, the boundaries of which area are delineated on map DTRP 4.100-79 deposited with the Director of Town and Regional Planning, Gaborone. |
Selebi-Phikwe Planning Area |
8 |
Sowa Township Area; the Sowa Pan Mine Lease Area; the Dukwe Settlement Camp; the area east of the Mine Lease Area, west of Dukwe Settlement Camp, north of the Mosetse River, south of the Nata road and including strip of land north of Nata road; the boundaries of which are delineated on map DTRP 4.120-7 deposited with the Director of Town and Regional Planning, Gaborone. |
Sowa Planning Area |
9. |
Commencing at trigonometrical beacon BPS 16 on Mmitle Hill as point A; thence in a straight line eastwards to point B on co-ordinates 7490E 7453N; thence in a straight line southwards to point C on co-ordinates 7490E 7440N; thence south-westwards to point D on co-ordinates 7486E 7436N on Mhalatswe river; thence south-eastwards along the Mhalatswe river to point E on co-ordinates 7489E 7430N; thence west-south-west-wards to point F on co-ordinates 7477E 7429N; thence in a straight line north-wards to the point of commencement. The boundaries of the area are delineated on map DTRP 5.17-48 deposited with the Director of Town and Regional Planning, Gaborone. |
Mahalapye Planning Area |
10. |
Commencing at point A, on co-ordinates 7340E 7310N; thence in a straight line eastwards to point B on co-ordinates 7360E 7310N; thence in a straight line south-wards to point C on co-ordinates 7360E 7292N; thence eastwards in a straight line to point D on co-ordinates 7340E 7292N; thence in a straight line north-wards to the point of commencement. The boundaries of the area are delineated on map DTRP 5.16-47 deposited with the Director of Town and Regional Planning, Gaborone. |
Molepolole Planning Area |
11. |
Commencing at trigonometrical beacon BPT 365 on Kwahu hill as point A; thence in a straight line south-eastwards to a trigonometrical beacon BPT 361 as point B; thence in a straight line west-south-westwards to point C on co-ordinates 7339E 7223N; thence in a straight line west-south-westwards to a trigonometrical beacon BPS 132 as point D; thence in a straight line north-westwards to a trigonometrical beacon BPT 360 as point E; thence in a straight line northwards to point F on co-ordinates 7323E 7244N; thence in a straight line eastwards to a trigonometrical beacon BPT 351 as point G; thence in a straight line south-east-wards to the point of commencement. The boundaries of the area are delineated on map DTRP 5.15-85 deposited with the Director of Town and Regional Planning, Gaborone. |
Kanye Planning Area |
12. |
Commencing at point A being the intersection of the Dikabeya river and the Francistown-Gaborone road; thence south-eastwards along Dikabeya river to the confluence of the Dikabeya river and the Lotsane river and further southwards in a straight line to point B on co-ordinates 7526E 7503N; thence in a straight line to the edge of the Leupane Livestock Improvement Centre to point C on co-ordinates 7592 E 7504N; thence north-north-westwards along Morupule river to point D on co-ordinates 7500E 7509N; thence in a straight line northwards to point E on co-ordinates 7500E 7514N; thence in a straight line north-eastwards to the point of commencement. The boundaries of the area delineated on map DTRP 5.18-33 deposited with the Director of Town and Regional Planning, Gaborone. |
Palapye Planning Area |
13. |
Commencing at trigonometrical beacon BPT 403 on Sokwe hill as point A; thence in a straight line north-westwards to point B on co-ordinates 7463E 7518N; thence in a straight line northwards to point C on co-ordinates 7463E 7530N; thence in a straight line east-north-eastwards through trigonometrical beacons BPS 38 and BPS 39 to point D on co-ordinates 7484E 7532N; thence in a straight line south-eastwards following the Veterinary Fence to point E on co-ordinates 7490E 7523N; thence in a straight line south-westwards to point F on co-ordinates 7487E 7521N; thence in a straight line south-westwards to point G on co-ordinates 7484E 7516N; thence in a straight line west-wards to the point of commencement. The boundaries of the area are delineated on map DTRP 5.13-33 deposited with the Director of Town and Regional Planning, Gaborone. |
Serowe Planning Area |
14. |
Commencing at point A on co-ordinates 7403E 7309N; thence in a straight line eastwards to point B on Ngotwane river on co-ordinates 7420E 7309N; thence generally southwards along Ngotwane river to point C on co-ordinates 7420E 7305N; thence in a straight line south-wards to point D on co-ordinates 7420E 7295N; thence in a straight line west-wards to point E on co-ordinates 7397E 7295N; thence in a straight line north-wards to point F on co-ordinates 7397E 7300N; thence in a straight line north-eastwards to the point of commencement. The boundaries of the area are delineated on map DTRP 5.14-96 deposited with the Director of Town and Regional Planning, Gaborone. |
Mochudi Planning Area |
15. |
Commencing at trigonometrical beacon BPT 242 on Morepo hill as point A; thence in a straight line north-north-westwards to point B on co-ordinates 7375E 7257N; thence east-south-eastwards to point C on co-ordinates 7385E 7256N; thence south-westwards along the international boundary between Botswana and Republic of South Africa to point D on co-ordinates 7385 7243N; thence in a straight line south-westwards to point E on co-ordinates 7384E 7240N; thence north-westwards to the point of commencement. The boundaries of the area are delineated on map DTRP 5.19-32 deposited with the Director of Town and Regional Planning, Gaborone. |
Ramotswa Planning Area |
16. |
Commencing at trigonometrical beacon BPS 252 as point A; thence in a straight line southwards to point B on Boteti river on co-ordinates 7762E 7774N; thence generally south-westwards along Boteti river to point C on Drotsky's Bridge on co-ordinates 7739E 7770N; thence in a straight line north-north-eastwards to point D on co-ordinates 7740E 7782N; thence in a straight line north-eastwards to point E on co-ordinates 7757E 7800N; thence south-eastwards along Boro river to point F on co-ordinates 7762E 7796N; thence in a straight line southwards to the point of commencement. The boundaries of the area are delineated on map DTRP 5.12-14 deposited with the Director of Town and Regional Planning, Gaborone. |
Maun Planning Area |
17. |
Commencing at point MPA6 (lat: 23.5022, lon: 27.081 degrees) along the Tuli block freehold farms western boundary, the planning area boundary proceeds south along this boundary traversing through points MPA7, MPA8 and MPA9 up to point MPA10 (lat: 23.9618, lon: 26.7214 degrees) being the intersection of Dibete cordon fence and these farms, thence proceeding in a westerly direction along this cordon fence and crossing A1 road to point MPA11 (lat: 23.7734, lon: 26.3795 degrees), thence it turns in a northerly direction traversing through point MPA12 up to MPA1 (lat: 23.3742, lon: 26.6853 degrees), thence turning in an easterly direction crossing A1 road to point MPA2 (lat: 23.3900, lon: 26.7241 degrees), thence turning in a south easterly direction to a point MPA3 on the southern side of Dinokwe/Mmaphashalala gravel road and thence transversing through points MPA4 along this road up to MPA5 (lat: 23.5418, lon: 26.7732 degrees) on the Mmamabula mining lease area northern boundary, finally turning in an easterly direction and proceeds along the northern boundary of the lease area up the commencing point MPA6. The boundaries of which aggregate area are delineated on Data Plan 232-LP deposited with the Department of Surveys and Mapping, Gaborone. |
Mmamabula Planning Area |
18. |
Commencing at point A, on co-ordinates 60 970.21, 2 870 686.31; thence in a straight line south eastward to point B, on co-ordinates 52 960.84, 2 873 453.60; thence in a straight line southwards to point C on co-ordinates 54 087.95, 2 891 892.55; thence in a straight line south westwards to point Don co-ordinates 62 992.49, 2 894 493.60; thence in a straight line north-westwards to point E on co-ordinates 64149.09, 2 892 301.94; thence in a straight line northward to a point F on co-ordinates 67 019.38, 2 878 722.37; thence in a straight line north-eastwards to point of commencement. The boundaries of the area are delineated on the map IL-6T deposited with Director of Town and Regional Planning, Gaborone. |
Tsabong Planning Area |
19. |
Commencing at point A on Motloutse River, being a point South East of the Letsibogo Dam, on approximate co-ordinates Y-76 600, X 2417400, the boundary runs south-eastwards along the Motloutse River to point B on approximate co-ordinates Y -81 100, X 2418800, thence south-eastwards in a straight line to point C on approximate co-ordinates Y -82130, X 2420800; thence south-westwards to point D on Letlhakane River, on approximate co-ordinates Y-79900, X 2423400, thence westwards along the Letlhakane River to point E on approximate co-ordinates Y - 73600, X 2425000, thence in a straight line northwards to point F on approximate co-ordinates Y 73600, X 2421300, thence in a straight line north-eastwards to point G on co-ordinates Y-75000, X 2420800; thence in a straight line northwards to point H on co-ordinates Y-75000, X 2418100, being a point East of Trigonometrical Station BPT136; thence north-eastwards to the point of commencement. The boundaries of the area are delineated on Map 546/2009 deposited with the Director, Department of Town and Regional Planning, Gaborone. |
Mmadinare Planning Area |
20. |
Commencing at point A being a point North West of Trigonometrical Station BPT507, on approximate co-ordinates Y -1600, X 2263700; the boundary runs south-eastwards to point B on approximate co-ordinates Y - 6200, X 2265100; thence on a straight line south-eastwards to point C, being a point south of Tutume-Goshwe road, on approximate co-ordinates Y-9400, X 2267300; thence in a straight line south-eastwards to point D on Matobo-Goshwe road South West of Goshwe Veterinary Cordon fence, on approximate co-ordinates Y -15400, X 2274300; thence in a straight line south-westwards to point E on approximate co-ordinates Y -7400, X 2278600; thence in a northwards direction to point F on approximate co-ordinates Y -6500, X 2271900; thence in a straight line north-westwards to point G on approximate co-ordinates Y +5100, X 2267900; thence in a straight line north-eastwards to the point of commencement. The boundaries of the area are delineated on Map 546/2009 deposited with the Director, Department of Town and Regional Planning, Gaborone. |
Tutume Planning Area |
21. |
Commencing at point A on approximate co-ordinates Y-45100, X 2364300, being a point on the District boundary between the Central and the North East Districts on the Shashe River; the boundary runs south-eastwards along the said Districts boundary to point B on approximate co-ordinates Y-52 900, X 2375100; thence westwards in a straight line to point C on approximate co-ordinates Y-43500, X 2375900, being a point on the Francistown Gaborone road; thence in a straight line north westwards to point D on approximate co-ordinates Y-39500, X 2373200; thence in a straight line northwards to point E on approximate co-ordinates Y-39500, X2369100; thence in a straight line north north-eastwards to point F on approximate co-ordinates Y-41300, X 2364100, being a point south of Shashe Dam; thence in a straight line east-southwards to point G on approximate co-ordinates Y -43400, X 2365000, being a point South West of Trigonometrical Station BPQ065; thence in a straight line north-eastwards to the point of commencement. The boundaries of the area are delineated on Map 546/2009 deposited with Director, Department of Town and Regional Planning, Gaborone. |
Tonota-Shashe Planning Area |
22. |
Commencing at point A on approximate co-ordinates Y-65 000, X2363500 the boundary runs in a straight line southwards to point B on approximate co-ordinates Y-65000, X2368000; thence in a straight line eastwards to point C on approximate co-ordinates Y -66 000, X 2368000; thence in a straight line southwards to point D on approximate co-ordinates Y -66 000, X 2371000; thence in a straight line westwards to point E on approximate co-ordinates Y-65 000, 2371000; thence in a straight line southwards to point F on approximate co-ordinates Y-65 000, X2373700; thence in a straight line westwards to point G on approximate co-ordinates Y-62 700, X2373700, being a point on the Letlhakane-Serowe road; thence in a straight line north-west- wards to point H on approximate co-ordinates Y -54 200, 2368600; thence north-eastwards to point I on approximate co-ordinatesY-58 500, X2367600; thence in a straight line northwards to point J on approximate co-ordinates Y-58 500, X2363500; thence in a straight line eastwards to the point of commencement. The boundaries of the area are delineated on Map 546/2009 deposited with Director, Department of Town and Regional Planning, Gaborone. |
Letlhakane Planning |
23. |
Commencing at point A on approximate co-ordinates Y-63 500, X 2428300 on Motloutse River being a point near Trigonometric Beacon BPT179; thence generally south-eastwards along the said river to point B on approximate co-ordinates Y 53 000, X 2432000, being a point North East of sewage ponds; thence south-westwards to point C on approximate co-ordinates Y 58 000, X 2436800, being a point on Bobonong/Tsetsebjwe road; thence westwards to point Don approximate co-ordinatesY 68 500, X 2436300, being a point on Bobonong/Sefhophe road; thence northwards to point E on approximate co-ordinates Y 68 500, X 2432700; thence north-eastwards in a straight line to the point of commencement. The boundaries of the area are delineated on Map 546/2009 deposited with Director, Department of Town and Regional Planning, Gaborone. |
Bobonong Planning |
24. |
Commencing at point A on Kgoro Hill, being a Trigonometrical Station BPP2 on the Barolong/Bangwaketse Tribal boundary, the boundary runs south-eastwards for about 1965m along the boundary to point B on approximate co-ordinates Y-51 542, X 2 813 559, thence south westwards to point C, being a point on the north east corner of Kgoro Cluster Fence on approximate co-ordinates Y-51 175, X 2 814 378, thence south westwards along the said cluster fence boundary to point D, approximate co-ordinates Y-51 600, X 2 813 350, thence south westwards to point E, being a point on the north east corner of Goodhope Ranch on approximate co-ordinates Y-51 328, X 2 819 393, thence south westwards along the Ranch to point F, being a point on the north west corner of Goodhope Ranch, on approximate co-ordinates Y-47 637, X 2 825 457; thence north westwards along the said Ranch to point G, being a point on the south west corner of the ranch on approximate co-ordinates Y-43 817, X 2 823 502; thence south-westwards in a straight line (4100m) to point H, on approximate co-ordinates Y-41 015, X 2 826 498; thence south eastwards (1609m) to point J, on approximate co-ordinates Y-41 859, X 2 827 868; thence south westwards (3755m), through borehole no. BH 8369, to point K, on approximate co-ordinates Y-38 889, X 2 830 165, being a point on the Metlojane/Hebron gravel road; thence north westwards along the same road (2935m) to point L, on approximate co-ordinates Y-37 773, X 2 827 450, thence south westwards (3927m) to point M, on approximate co-ordinates Y-33 898, X 2 828 064, thence north westwards (2053m) to point N, being a point on the Metlojane/Phitshane Molopo road, on approximate co-ordinates Y-33 327, X 2 826 095, thence north eastwards (2522m) along the same road to point P, on approximate co-ordinates Y-35 683, X 2 825 195, thence north westwards (1537m) to point Q, on approximate co-ordinates Y-35 458, X 2 823 674, thence north westwards (4495m) to point R, being a point on the Barolong/Bangwaketse Tribal boundary, on approximate co-ordinates Y-31 139, X 2 822 420, thence north east wards (9362m) along the boundary to point S, on approximate co-ordinates Y-35 443, X 2 814 105, thence north east wards along the boundary to the point of commencement. The boundaries of the area are delineated on Map DTRP 6/14/17/205 deposited with the Director, Department of Town and Regional Planning. |
Goodhope Planning Area |
25. |
Commencing at Point A of co-ordinates Y-44 071.28, X+27 36 975.55; the boundary runs South Eastwards to Point B of co-ordinates Y-47 593.02, X+27 38 553.61; thence in a Southerly direction to Point C of co-ordinates Y-46 325.96, X+27 43 141.92; thence in a South Westerly direction to Point D of co-ordinates Y- 41 124.60, X+27 49 655.15; thence in a North Westerly direction to Point E of co-ordinates Y-36 251.08, X+27 42 012.96; thence Northwards to Point F of co-ordinates Y-36 255.73, X+27 41 734.70; thence in North Westerly direction to Point G of co-ordinates Y-34 806.92, X+27 38 610.04; thence in a North Easterly direction to the point of commencement. The boundaries of the area are delineated on DSM No. 773/2013 deposited at the Department of Surveys and Mapping. |
Moshupa Planning Area |
26. |
Commencing at Point g of DSL No. 361/90 being the intersection of Notwane River and the northern boundary of Farm Kernmoir No. 1-KP; the boundary runs in the South Westerly direction along the said river to Point D of diagram 581/1912 of Farm Atholl Holme No. 11-KO, being the intersection of the said river with the international boundary between the Republics of Botswana and South Africa; thence eastwards along the said boundary to a Point on Dikgokong Hill; thence in a north westerly direction to a point on Modipe Hill; thence in a north westerly direction to a trigonometrical beacon BPS127 on Oodi Hill; thence generally north westwards to the point of commencement. The boundaries of the area are delineated on Map 1 pf Tlokweng Development Plan (2001-2015) deposited with the Director of Town and Regional Planning, Gaborone. |
Tlokweng Planning Area |
27. |
Commencing at Point A on approximate of co-ordinates Y-52 187.81, X+26 69 44 60.44 being the intersection of the Trans Kalahari Highway (A2) and S02 Wildlife Management Area (WMA) cutline; the boundary runs South Eastwards along the said Highway to Point B on approximate co-ordinates Y-70 746.07, X+27 02 270.39; thence in a Southwards in a straight line to Point C on co-ordinates Y-69 279.91, X+27 11 437.52; being of point on the Mabutsane-Khokhwa road; thence in a South Westwards in a straight line to Point D on approximate co-ordinates Y-55 653.21, X+27 11 142.94; being a point on the Mabutsane-khakhea road; thence in a North Westwards in a straight line to point E on approximate co-ordinates Y-52 569.60, X+27 10 049.78; being a point on the South East corner of Sekgwasentsho Insemination camp; thence along the Southern boundary of the said camp; thence along the Southern boundary of the said camp to its intersection with the S02 Wildlife Management Area (WMA) cutline at point F on approximate co-ordinates of Y-46 235.43, X+27 07 067.83; thence in a North Easterly direction to the point of commencement. D.S.M. No. 2736/2016 Deposited at the Department of Surveys and Mapping. This section of the article is only available for our subscribers. Please click here to subscribe to a subscription plan to view this part of the article. |